Assessment
Why it matters
CISA lists this vulnerability as known to be exploited; exploitation is confirmed; EPSS is 98.6%; technical severity is CVSS 10.0.
Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials. This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.
Who should care
- Teams operating Cloud Native Broadband Network Gateway, Confd Basic, Enterprise Nfv Infrastructure Software +20 more
- Vulnerability and exposure management teams
- Security operations teams monitoring exploitation activity
Response plan
What I would do
- Confirm whether Cloud Native Broadband Network Gateway, Confd Basic, Enterprise Nfv Infrastructure Software +20 more is present in the environment.
- Identify affected versions and establish whether vulnerable services are exposed or reachable.
- Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- Review relevant security telemetry for evidence of attempted or successful exploitation.
- Document the remediation decision and track it to verified completion.
Vendor remediation
Patch and remediation links
Use the vendor source below to confirm the correct fixed version, package or mitigation for your affected product.
Technical details
- CVSS vector
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CWE
- CWE-306
- Affected versions
- Cisco Cloud Native Broadband Network Gateway (End Excluding: 2025.03.1); Cisco Confd Basic (Start Including: 8.4, End Excluding: 8.4.4.1); Cisco Enterprise Nfv Infrastructure Software (End Excluding: 4.18); Cisco Inode Manager (Version: -); Cisco Ncs 2000 Shelf Virtualization Orchestrator Firmware (End Excluding: 25.1.1); Cisco Network Services Orchestrator (Start Including: 6.4.2, End Excluding: 6.4.4.1); Cisco Optical Site Manager (End Excluding: 25.2.1); Cisco Rv160 Firmware (Version: -)
- Published
- 16 April 2025
- Attack vector
- Network
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
Signal timeline
- CVE published
- Added to CISA KEV
- Latest EPSS score: 98.6%
- Signal calculated at 85
External references
- Exploit information from github.com
- Third-party advisory from sec.cloudapps.cisco.com
- Government advisory from www.cisa.gov
- Technical reference from www.openwall.com
- Technical reference from www.openwall.com
- Technical reference from www.openwall.com
- Technical reference from www.openwall.com
- Technical reference from www.openwall.com
- Third-party advisory from lists.debian.org
- Third-party advisory from security.netapp.com
- Vendor advisory from github.com